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Diamond nanoparticles
Diamond nanoparticles, also known as nanodiamonds, are single crystal diamonds that range anywhere from 5 to 500 nm.〔 Because of their inexpensive, large-scale synthesis, potential for surface functionalization, and high biocompatibility, nanodiamonds are widely investigated as a potential material in biological and electronic applications and quantum engineering.
==Structure and composition==
There are three main aspects in the structure of diamond nanoparticles to be considered: the overall shape, the core, and the surface. Through multiple diffraction experiments, it has been determined that the overall shape of diamond nanoparticles is either spherical or elliptical. At the core of diamond nanoparticles lies a diamond cage, which is composed mainly of carbons.〔 While the core closely resemble the structure of a diamond, the surface of diamond nanoparticles actually resemble the structure of graphite. A recent study shows that the surface consists mainly of carbons, with high amounts of phenols, pyrones, and sulfonic acid, as well as carboxylic acid groups, hydroxyl groups, and epoxide groups, though in lesser amounts.〔 Occasionally, defects such as nitrogen-vacancy centers can be found in the structure of diamond nanoparticles. 15N NMR research confirms presence of such defects.〔 A recent study shows that the frequency of nitrogen-vacancy centers decreases with the size of diamond nanoparticles.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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